Ledger · the file as text
Timeline
Dated events, each with its source and grade.
2026
83- Grade D: Unverified lead
Flight tracker reports a Russian 224th Flight Unit An-124 (RA-82040) flying from Minsk towards 'Port Sudan or Massawa'; two Belarusian Il-76s follow within 24 hours (single source; destination uncertain).
- Grade A: Official record
Civil Defence receives the DIS-made 'Safat 02' helicopter.
- Grade A: Official record
Sudan and Belarus sign the second export-financing agreement at the Development Bank of Belarus in Minsk; first tranche put at over US$100m.
- Grade C: Single source
Defense News: Aviacon Zitotrans aircraft 'may be supplying opposing sides', including flights from Russia and Turkey into Port Sudan
- Grade B: Corroborated
Defence ministers of Sudan and Azerbaijan meet at ADEX 2026 in Baku; DIS's deputy director-general attends.
- Grade C: Single source
Sudan Tribune: more than 40 Shahpar drones delivered since July 2026 (single outlet, unnamed military sources; not corroborated).
- Grade A: Official record
Russian embassy names officers of the Russian defence ministry's representation at Sudan's Ministry of Defence.
- Grade D: Unverified lead
Flight tracker reports seven cargo flights in 48 hours from Tekirdag Corlu to Port Sudan by Sky Vision Airlines, which it links to Bayraktar deliveries (single source; link is the tracker's inference).
- Grade D: Unverified lead
Flight tracker reports Sky Vision A320 freighter SU-SKD flying Tekirdağ Çorlu to Port Sudan, 'seven cargo flights in 48 hours linked to Bayraktar drone deliveries to the SAF'. The link to Baykar is the tracker's inference; not corroborated.
- Grade A: Official record
US v. Mafi: latest docket entry (minute order resetting hearings); no plea or new charges
- Grade A: Official record
Defence minister visits Jakarta, the first such visit; training exchange discussed.
- Grade A: Official record
Defence minister holds talks in Doha with Qatar's minister of state for defence affairs.
- Grade C: Single source
New York Times and Washington Post publish investigations based on a dossier from a Middle Eastern intelligence agency describing an SAF chlorine-munition programme; SAF calls it baseless.
- Grade A: Official record
Burhan makes a working visit to Asmara, the second in seven weeks
- Grade C: Single source
US senior adviser Massad Boulos: "probably at least 12 countries" are providing military support to the warring sides (Sudan Tribune).
- Grade A: Official record
UN FFM report A/HRC/63/23: SAF used foreign-supplied drones and loitering munitions in attacks on civilian objects; SAF-side findings "preliminary"; no supplier named (paras 101-107).
- Grade A: Official record
UN FFM report A/HRC/63/23: reasonable grounds to believe the SAF used foreign-supplied drones and loitering munitions in attacks on civilian objects, which may amount to war crimes; findings on SAF supply 'preliminary'.
- Grade A: Official record
Chief of Staff Yasir al-Atta is received by the Turkish chief of staff for military talks.
- Grade B: Corroborated
Chad says SAF aircraft and drones bombed a convoy more than 100 km inside Chad (Ennedi Est); Sudan rejects blame pending investigation.
- Grade D: Unverified lead
Flight tracker counts 'at least 27 suspected cargo flights' from Türkiye, Egypt and Belarus to Port Sudan, Massawa and East Oweinat between 3 July and 8 August (single source).
Sky Vision AirlinesAir MasterRubystar AirwaysTürkiyeEgyptBelarusx.com
- Grade B: Corroborated
Egyptian armed forces announce seizure of 24 weapons, 49,211 rounds and 14 RPG rounds in the Aswan desert from a cross-border crime network supplying illegal gold-prospecting groups.
- Grade B: Corroborated
Sudan-Belarus joint commission preparatory meeting; Sudan's energy ministry says it seeks project financing from the Development Bank of Belarus.
- Grade B: Corroborated
Saudi Arabia, Turkey and Pakistan sign the Mecca Joint Defence Agreement (not Sudan-specific).
- Grade C: Single source
Approx. 100 Pakistani Mohafiz armoured vehicles reported delivered to the SAF.
- Grade C: Single source
Sky Vision Airlines A321 freighter SU-SKF flies Cairo to Port Sudan, then Port Sudan to Ljubljana, returning Ljubljana to Port Sudan on 5 August (Flightradar24; Airportia). Cargo not documented.
- Grade C: Single source
Armed Forces Social Security Fund and the Ministry of Industry and Trade discuss a partnership with the Sudanese Sugar Company and support for pharmaceutical, strategic-industry and free-zone projects (state news agency).
- Grade A: Official record
Sudan joins the Saudi-led multinational defensive maritime coalition at its founding meeting in Riyadh.
- Grade B: Corroborated
Sudan's foreign ministry says it is ready to cooperate with the OPCW and that the US did not take up invitations to send experts
- Grade B: Corroborated
Customs anti-smuggling, GIS and drug police announce two meth labs dismantled in Khartoum State; 150,000 captagon pills and drone-guidance fibre-optic spools seized; two foreign suspects held.
- Grade B: Corroborated
STPT paper on the shift of gold exports from the UAE to Egypt estimates 55 tonnes left Sudan off the books in 2025.
- Grade A: Official record
US publishes additional CBW Act Section 307(b) sanctions on Sudan (Public Notice 13072).
- Grade C: Single source
Air Master Boeing 737 freighter SU-SAW flies Istanbul to Port Sudan (flight MR8002) and on to Cairo: shown on Flightradar24 and Airportia and reported by a flight tracker. Cargo not documented.
- Grade A: Official record
UN human rights office publishes briefing paper on gum arabic: checkpoint charges in SAF-controlled areas; security-linked traders reportedly exempt.
- Grade A: Official record
US lobbyist for the UAE embassy files with the Justice Department that it is distributing coverage of the Sudan chemical-weapons dispute
- Grade D: Unverified lead
The Standard reports unverified claims of Turkish cargo flights from Tekirdag Corlu to East Oweinat.
- Grade A: Official record
OPCW Executive Council 112th session: US says Sudan 'remained in non-compliance in 2025' and should not sit on the Council; Sudan circulates its committee's interim report finding no evidence
- Grade A: Official record
- Grade B: Corroborated
Egyptian court sentences 450 people to one year in prison for illegal gold prospecting in the southern Red Sea area.
- Grade B: Corroborated
Sudan's national committee interim report, circulated at the OPCW Executive Council session (7-10 July), finds no evidence of chemical weapons use; the US calls for OPCW access.
- Grade C: Single source
Sudan Tribune: about 100 Pakistani Mohafiz armoured vehicles received in batches; Shahpar drone deliveries said to begin.
- Grade A: Official record
China forgives four interest-free loans worth RMB 344.5 million.
- Grade B: Corroborated
SBL Energy says it will 'shortly submit a formal representation' to the US Treasury
- Grade D: Unverified lead
Flight tracker reports about ten Istanbul to Port Sudan cargo flights in 48 hours by Air Master and Aviacon Zitotrans (single source; cargo not documented).
- Grade C: Single source
Red Sea State police chief reports 430 kg of methamphetamine seized; police say one man killed in a raid on drug dens in Port Sudan belonged to the Sudan Liberation Movement in the Joint Force.
- Grade A: Official record
OFAC designates TMAC, its managing director Tariq Hussain Muhammad Madani, Ports Engineering, SBL Energy and Alok Choudhari; Egyptian, Emirati and Turkish suppliers described but not named.
Ports EngineeringSBL EnergyTMACTariq MadaniAlok ChoudhariEgyptcontent.govdelivery.com
- Grade A: Official record
OFAC designates TMAC, Tariq Madani, SBL Energy, Alok Choudhari and Ports Engineering; cites Egyptian, Indian, Emirati and Turkish suppliers.
united statesSBL EnergyPorts EngineeringTMACTariq MadaniAlok Choudharihome.treasury.gov
- Grade B: Corroborated
Egyptian military spokesman announces 223 arrests (136 foreigners) in a campaign against illegal gold-prospecting networks in the south.
- Grade C: Single source
Al Jazirah State Security Committee: two intelligence personnel killed and 13 injured chasing a smuggling vehicle near Wad Madani; two vehicles 'belonging to the allied forces' seized; Sudan Tribune identifies the group as the Joint Force.
- Grade A: Official record
Central Bank of Sudan signs a banking memorandum with the Central Bank of Azerbaijan in Baku.
- Grade C: Single source
Bloomberg: senior SAF source says the army is no longer seeking Iranian weapons; State Department says Islamist factions still receive Iranian technical support
- Grade C: Single source
Bloomberg: SAF has curbed purchases of Iranian weapons to court the Trump administration.
- Grade A: Official record
Drone strike on Abu Zaima market, Hamrat El Sheikh, North Kordofan: nine bodies reportedly recovered at the site and three injured persons later died; the UN Fact-Finding Mission has reasonable grounds to believe the SAF carried out the strike (A/HRC/63/23, paras 44-45).
- Grade A: Official record
SMRC's Blue Nile office sends a support convoy to the 13th Infantry Brigade.
- Grade A: Official record
Omdurman National Bank finances and delivers 1,100 sacrificial animals to Central Reserve Forces personnel.
- Grade B: Corroborated
Belarus and Sudan sign a general agreement on export credits in Minsk.
- Grade A: Official record
5th Joint Belarusian-Sudanese Commission for Cooperation meets in Minsk (no military content reported).
- Grade A: Official record
DIS exhibits 'more than 90 products and services' at SAHA 2026 in Istanbul.
- Grade C: Single source
A 33-page indictment is reported filed in US v. Mafi (C.D. Cal.); Turkish and Dubai exchange houses remain unnamed.
- Grade A: Official record
US v. Mafi: four-count indictment filed (2:26-cr-00266-MCS). Not guilty plea 8 May 2026; trial set for 19 January 2027.
- Grade D: Unverified lead
UAE refers 13 individuals and six companies (including Portex Trade Limited) to the State Security Court over alleged ammunition trafficking for the SAF (UAE state claim; noted by UN FFM para 127).
- Grade B: Corroborated
Baykar releases video showing 16 Sivrisinek (YIHA-III) one-way attack UAVs at its Kesan facility; Janes reports on 27 April.
- Grade A: Official record
EU 27th annual arms-export report shows one licence to Sudan in 2024 (France, ML13, EUR 21,500).
- Grade B: Corroborated
Reuters: Pakistan puts $1.5bn Sudan arms deal on hold after Saudi objection; Burhan meets MBS in Jeddah.
- Grade A: Official record
US v. Shamim Mafi: criminal complaint (C.D. Cal.). Alleges brokering of Iranian drones, fuses and ammunition for Sudan's Ministry of Defense. No delivery alleged.
Justice Department release 26-067 of 20 April 2026.
- Grade A: Official record
Shamim Mafi arrested at LAX (Saturday before 20 Apr per Al Jazeera; MEF gives 19 Apr) on federal complaint alleging she brokered Iranian arms sales to Sudan.
- Grade A: Official record
Omdurman National Bank opens a banking window at the Central Reserve Forces' headquarters at Kalakla.
- Grade C: Single source
YIHA-III wreckage dated to this day on the Kazgeil axis, North Kordofan (images surfaced 13 June 2026).
- Grade B: Corroborated
Human Rights Watch reports arbitrary detention and torture by army 'security cells' (GIS, Military Intelligence, police, at times Al-Baraa Ibn Malik); the Attorney General rejects the findings.
- Grade B: Corroborated
GNU chief of staff Al Namroush receives SAF Military Intelligence director Mohamed Ali Sabir in Tripoli; training and intelligence exchange agreed.
- Grade A: Official record
SAF drone attack on Yabus market and water-pump area, Blue Nile (29 or 30 Mar): at least 13 civilians killed; remnants consistent with YIHA-III.
- Grade A: Official record
SAF drone strikes on Ad-Da'ein Teaching Hospital: at least 70 killed, 146 injured (UN FFM paras 39-43). Platform and munition not identified.
- Grade A: Official record
SAF drone strikes on Ad-Da'ein Teaching Hospital on first day of Eid kill at least 70 (UN FFM). Drone type not identified.
- Grade A: Official record
Federal Register publishes the SDGT and FTO notices (91 FR 12663, 91 FR 12664).
- Grade A: Official record
OPCW Executive Council 111th session: Sudan briefs on its national committee; US says it will 'revisit our approach to Sudan's seat'; France calls the chlorine allegations credible
- Grade C: Single source
US adviser Massad Boulos says the IRGC trained and supported the Al-Baraa Bin Malik Brigade (press report of a social-media post).
- Grade A: Official record
OFAC updates the SDN list with the Sudanese Muslim Brotherhood designation.
- Grade A: Official record
State Department determinations designating the Sudanese Muslim Brotherhood as an SDGT and FTO (aliases include the Al-Baraa Bin Malik Brigade and the Sudanese Islamic Movement).
91 FR 12663 and 91 FR 12664; govinfo URL is the site root, look up by citation.
united statesMuslim BrotherhoodAl-Baraa Bin Malikgovinfo.gov
- Grade A: Official record
Central bank governor reports a memorandum with the Central Bank of Oman and correspondent relations for several Sudanese banks.
- Grade B: Corroborated
New York Times and (2 Feb) Reuters report Akinci drones at East Oweinat used for strikes inside Sudan.
- Grade B: Corroborated
Customs anti-smuggling units in Red Sea State announce seizure of 493 kg of crystal meth and 100 kg of heroin; 11 arrests including four foreigners.
- Grade B: Corroborated
Reuters: Pakistan near $1.5bn arms deal with Sudan (10 K-8, 200+ drones, air defence).
- Grade A: Official record
Footage from Nyala assessed by UN FFM as likely depicting an SAF Akinci; also Al-Farshaya, South Kordofan, 24 Jan.
- Grade A: Official record
Last month in which India declares explosives exports to Sudan (538 t of HS 3602); none declared February-July 2026
43 more events below grade A (corroborated, single-source or unverified). Change “Evidence shown” to see them.
23 more events at grade C (single source) or D (unverified lead). Change “Evidence shown” to see them.
7 more events at grade D (unverified lead). Change “Evidence shown” to see them.
2025
46- Grade A: Official record
Burhan arrives in Ankara accompanied by the DIS director-general and the intelligence director.
- Grade B: Corroborated
Turkish Air Force cargo flights Tekirdag-East Oweinat on 25 and 26 Dec and 7 Jan 2026 (Reuters).
- Grade D: Unverified lead
Flight tracker reports five cargo flights into Port Sudan in one day, including three Istanbul-Port Sudan flights by Air Master SU-SAW within 24 hours and a Sky Vision A321 freighter from Cairo. Cargo not documented.
- Grade B: Corroborated
South Sudanese army deploys into Heglig under a tripartite agreement; about 3,900 SAF soldiers had crossed into South Sudan and handed over heavy weapons.
- Grade B: Corroborated
BBC reports the Sudan Witness dataset: 384 SAF airstrikes (Apr 2023-Jul 2025), over 1,700 civilians reported killed; Sudanese-made SH-250 bomb identified in Zamzam camp.
- Grade C: Single source
Sudan Tribune: Sudan has frozen the Russian naval base; no progress in 2025.
- Grade A: Official record
DIS director-general and Egypt's Minister of State for Military Production discuss cooperation in military manufacturing at EDEX 2025.
- Grade B: Corroborated
C4ADS press release: Ports Engineering is majority-owned by Giad; Karmetal shipment detail; chlorine diversion "unbeknownst to Chemtrade".
- Grade B: Corroborated
Sudan reportedly offers Russia a 25-year naval base agreement in exchange for arms (WSJ via HSBA); not materialised.
- Grade A: Official record
President Isaias of Eritrea meets Burhan in Port Sudan and reiterates Eritrea's 'commitment to supporting Sudan'
- Grade B: Corroborated
FRANCE 24 and C4ADS trace the Garri cylinder to Chemtrade and Ports Engineering
- Grade B: Corroborated
FRANCE 24 Observers publish chlorine supply-chain investigation naming Chemtrade and Ports Engineering.
- Grade A: Official record
OPCW Director-General: the Secretariat 'has not received any sufficiently substantiated request for any additional activity' on Sudan
- Grade A: Official record
Sudan's navy takes part in the Red Wave 8 exercise hosted by Saudi Arabia (9-13 November).
- Grade B: Corroborated
Reuters: most government transactions still go through El Nilein Bank's Abu Dhabi branch; alternative gold markets in Qatar, Oman, Egypt and Saudi Arabia had not yet worked out.
Central BankEl Nilein BankQatarEgyptSaudi Arabiaal-monitor.com
- Grade B: Corroborated
FRANCE 24 publishes its investigation of chlorine use at al-Jaili; Human Rights Watch verifies the geolocation and calls for an OPCW investigation
- Grade A: Official record
Sudanese-Russian joint ministerial commission ends in Moscow with a cooperation protocol.
- Grade C: Single source
Sudan's energy minister meets Elsewedy Electric's chief executive in Cairo on resuming transformer manufacturing in Sudan (state news agency).
- Grade A: Official record
Ziraat Katilim opens a branch in Port Sudan, announced by the Turkish embassy.
- Grade A: Official record
DIS exhibits at IDEF 2025 in Istanbul; Sudan's defence minister and the DIS director-general attend the opening with President Erdogan.
- Grade A: Official record
OPCW Executive Council notes the Article IX requests and Sudan's clarifications and decides 'to remain seized of the matter'
- Grade C: Single source
RSF announces first shootdown of an SAF Akinci over El Fasher.
- Grade B: Corroborated
Turkish cargo planes carrying Akinci systems land at East Oweinat, Egypt (NYT).
- Grade A: Official record
US CBW Act sanctions on Sudan take effect (Public Notice 12749).
- Grade A: Official record
- Grade A: Official record
Mauritania requests clarification from Sudan under Article IX(4) of the Chemical Weapons Convention; Chad (11 June) and Benin (16 June) follow
- Grade A: Official record
Sudan's foreign ministry announces a national committee on the chemical-weapons allegations (press release 50/25)
- Grade A: Official record
C4ADS publishes 'Bullion for Bullets', naming Sudamin affiliates and Advanced Mining Works and tracing cyanide shipments to Omdurman Mining.
SudaminOmdurman MiningAdvanced Mining WorksRida Engineeringc4ads.org
- Grade C: Single source
TB2 strike on Nyala airport destroys a cargo aircraft; MEE says the drones were operated by Turks in Port Sudan. RSF strikes on Port Sudan follow from 4 May.
- Grade C: Single source
RSF drone attack on SAF airbase near Port Sudan "reportedly targeting facilities used by Turkish and Iranian technical teams".
- Grade D: Unverified lead
UAE Attorney-General announces a foiled attempt to move about five million rounds to the SAF on a private aircraft (UAE state claim).
- Grade C: Single source
C4ADS publishes "Indirect Fire" on DIS procurement of ammunition components from India.
- Grade C: Single source
Two Turkish Air Force cargo planes from Kayseri and Tekirdag land at Port Sudan (Flightradar24, per Guardian Nigeria).
- Grade A: Official record
US determines under the CBW Act that the Government of Sudan used chemical weapons in 2024 (announced 22 May 2025).
- Grade A: Official record
UN Panel of Experts report S/2025/239: 140 verified SAF airstrikes on 20 urban areas in Darfur in 2024, amounting to war crimes; no external SAF supplier named.
- Grade A: Official record
SMRC director-general visits the General Command and the Armoured Corps and pledges continued 'full support for the regular forces'.
- Grade C: Single source
EP-FAB flight W5998 Tehran-Port Sudan, said by two sources to carry military equipment including drones.
- Grade C: Single source
Qeshm Fars Air EP-FAB flies Tehran-Port Sudan as W5998 with drones (Iran International, intelligence sources).
- Grade B: Corroborated
Washington Post publishes Baykar document trove.
- Grade C: Single source
Sudan's FM Ali Youssef announces 'mutual understanding' with Russia on a naval base.
- Grade B: Corroborated
Five SAF airstrikes on Nyala; HRW identifies an OFAB-250 and an FAB-series bomb from remnants.
- Grade B: Corroborated
SAF airstrikes on Nyala (2-4 Feb) with OFAB-250 and FAB-series unguided bombs kill dozens of civilians (HRW).
- Grade C: Single source
Sudan's minerals delegation meets 'Norinco', represented by Norin Mining's general manager, in Riyadh.
- Grade C: Single source
New York Times: four senior US officials say Sudan's military used chemical weapons at least twice
- Grade A: Official record
OFAC designates Burhan, Ahmad Abdalla and Portex Trade Limited; cites Iranian-made UAVs obtained from an Azerbaijani defense company.
united statesAhmad Abdallaal-BurhanPortex TradeIranAzerbaijanhome.treasury.gov
- Grade D: Unverified lead
Radio Dalsan reports Somalia agreed to host SAF troops for training at the Turkish-Somali base in Mogadishu (single source).
28 more events below grade A (corroborated, single-source or unverified). Change “Evidence shown” to see them.
15 more events at grade C (single source) or D (unverified lead). Change “Evidence shown” to see them.
3 more events at grade D (unverified lead). Change “Evidence shown” to see them.
2024
42- Grade C: Single source
Bloomberg: Iran supplied dozens of drones; Russia provided fuel and weapons components; both sought Red Sea bases.
- Grade A: Official record
Indian explosives-related exports to Sudan resume after an eleven-month gap (HS 3603, 43 t); 6,672 t of prepared explosives follow by January 2026
- Grade B: Corroborated
Kabkabiya market airstrike; Amnesty International calls it a flagrant war crime.
- Grade A: Official record
Russia casts sole veto against UK/Sierra Leone UNSC draft calling for ceasefire and protection of civilians in Sudan.
- Grade B: Corroborated
Third and last Chemtrade chlorine consignment to Sudan (48,600 kg in Indian customs data for November)
- Grade A: Official record
OFAC designates DIS director Mirghani Idris Suleiman; cites Iranian drones and a port-for-weapons deal with Russia.
- Grade B: Corroborated
Il-76 ST-JAN (ex EX-76011) shot down over Malha, North Darfur after SAF airdrop to El Fasher; Russian and Sudanese crew killed.
- Grade D: Unverified lead
RSF leader Hemedti accuses Egypt of airstrikes at Jebel Moya and of supplying training and drones; Egypt denies.
- Grade B: Corroborated
El Koma market, North Darfur, bombed: at least 65 killed, 200 injured (Sudan Witness).
- Grade B: Corroborated
Sudan Conflict Observatory publishes "Foreign Facilitators of Weapons Fueling Sudan's Civil War"; Washington Post reports it on 15 Oct. Sudan War Monitor identifies TulAmmo-branded ammunition with SAF soldiers the same month.
- Grade B: Corroborated
Second Chemtrade chlorine consignment to Sudan (48,600 kg in Indian customs data for September)
- Grade C: Single source
Baykar employee messages video of 'Today's attack'; '2nd attack' on 15 Sep; last delivery flight arrives 15 Sep.
- Grade C: Single source
Baykar employee photographed with Burhan in Port Sudan; 9 Sep meeting records Sudanese offer of Abu Amama port and mining rights to Turkish firms.
- Grade B: Corroborated
Chlorine barrel dropped at Garri military base near al-Jaili refinery (first of two incidents; second on 13 September)
- Grade B: Corroborated
Chlorine barrel dropped on Garri base near al-Jaili refinery; second attack 13 Sep. Barrel serial traced to Chemtrade shipment.
- Grade A: Official record
In Beijing DIS signs agreements with China Energy (value put at US$30m) and AHCOF; Giad signs with Dongfeng and others.
- Grade C: Single source
Per the NYT dossier, Hussain reports importing 20 chlorine cylinders from Egypt (late August) and taking cylinders from al-Manara water plant (voice message of 26 Aug).
- Grade A: Official record
Government signs the contract to complete the Kilanaieb power station with a DIS company in Port Sudan.
- Grade A: Official record
OFAC designates Belarusian cargo airline Rubystar (UE RubiStar) for transporting Russian military personnel and military helicopters to Africa.
- Grade C: Single source
Egypt declares a 5,815 kg chlorine export to Sudan; an intercepted message later reported by the New York Times dates an import of 20 cylinders from Egypt to late August 2024
- Grade B: Corroborated
First Baykar munitions arrive by air at Port Sudan (Aviacon Zitotrans via Bamako).
- Grade B: Corroborated
Amnesty publishes 'New Weapons Fuelling the Sudan Conflict'. Conflict Observatory's tracked window of Qeshm Fars Air flights ends the same day.
- Grade C: Single source
Per the NYT dossier, an Antonov from Merowe tests a chlorine munition; Brig. Gen. Tariq Hussain reports "The test went 100 percent".
- Grade B: Corroborated
17 chlorine cylinders shipped by Chemtrade loaded at Nhava Sheva for Port Sudan; collected by Ports Engineering on 17 Aug 2024 (vessel not named).
- Grade B: Corroborated
17 chlorine cylinders shipped by Chemtrade from Nhava Sheva (India) for Ports Engineering Company, Port Sudan.
- Grade B: Corroborated
First of three Chemtrade chlorine consignments to Sudan in trade records (17 cylinders; loaded at Nhava Sheva 14 July per FRANCE 24)
- Grade C: Single source
Northern State Chamber of Commerce hands combat vehicles to the army and the Popular Resistance in Dongola.
- Grade C: Single source
SAF deputy commander Yasser al-Atta says Russia proposed a logistics supply centre in exchange for weapons and ammunition.
- Grade B: Corroborated
SAF 2nd Infantry Division and joint forces run a 'preventive security campaign' in Gedaref 'to control foreign presence'; at least 16 Ethiopian refugees arrested.
- Grade C: Single source
Zakat Chamber in River Nile State inaugurates support for 'medical services and the war effort' with the 3rd Infantry Division at Shendi.
- Grade B: Corroborated
Russian deputy FM Bogdanov visits Port Sudan with military officers; Russia reportedly offers 'unrestricted qualitative military aid'.
- Grade D: Unverified lead
Military Watch Magazine reports Algeria is "reportedly set to donate" surplus MiG-29s to Sudan. No delivery documented since.
- Grade B: Corroborated
Reuters: Iranian drones helped SAF turn the tide in Omdurman; Sudan's acting FM denies obtaining weapons from Iran.
- Grade A: Official record
Giad and Ports Engineering open a joint vehicle service centre in Port Sudan.
- Grade B: Corroborated
Egyptian Civil Aviation Authority issues an air operator certificate to cargo carrier Air Master (trade press).
- Grade A: Official record
DIS director-general meets the governor of Saudi Arabia's General Authority for Military Industries at the World Defense Show in Riyadh.
- Grade A: Official record
DIS director-general arrives in Algiers on Burhan's delegation.
- Grade B: Corroborated
Bloomberg: three Western officials say Iran supplied Mohajer-6 drones to the SAF.
- Grade A: Official record
UN Panel of Experts final report S/2024/65 published (focus on RSF supply lines; no SAF supplier named).
- Grade C: Single source
Drone flown by SAF-affiliated fighters drops two 120mm munitions on apparently unarmed people in Halfia al-Moulouk, Bahri (HRW-verified video).
- Grade B: Corroborated
Il-76 EX-76011 removed from Kyrgyz register and transferred to Sudan (later ST-JAN).
- Grade B: Corroborated
Satellite image shows a Mohajer-6 at Wadi Seidna air base (PAX analysis).
32 more events below grade A (corroborated, single-source or unverified). Change “Evidence shown” to see them.
12 more events at grade C (single source) or D (unverified lead). Change “Evidence shown” to see them.
2 more events at grade D (unverified lead). Change “Evidence shown” to see them.
2023
16- Grade A: Official record
Calendar year 2023: Egypt reports to UN Comtrade exports to Sudan of military weapons (USD 1.25m), parts (USD 0.85m) and ammunition (USD 0.29m); Turkey reports 12 unmanned aircraft (USD 3.13m) and 46.8 t of HS 9306 munitions.
- Grade B: Corroborated
First EP-FAB (Qeshm Fars Air) flight Tehran-Port Sudan logged by the Sudan Conflict Observatory; further flights 14 Dec 2023, 16, 23, 30 Jan, 11 Mar, 12 Jun, 14 and 25 Jul 2024 (dates from automated summary).
- Grade B: Corroborated
First tracked Qeshm Fars Air 747 (EP-FAB) flight Iran-Port Sudan; Planet Labs image shows a 747 at Port Sudan. Further flights 12 Dec, 8, 16, 23, 30 Jan.
- Grade B: Corroborated
Date on $120m Baykar-DIS contract for 6 TB2, 3 ground stations, 600 warheads, signed by Mirghani Idris Suleiman.
- Grade A: Official record
OFAC designates the Zawaya Group and its Spanish affiliate Al Zawaya Group for Development and Investment S.L. as linked to Abdelbasit Hamza.
- Grade C: Single source
RMIL exports a further 62,000 kg of brass cups to Giad Elsewedy Cables (1-3 October).
- Grade B: Corroborated
Sudan and Iran resume diplomatic relations after a seven-year break (Reuters report dated 9 Oct 2023 per citation; Iran International says "late 2023").
- Grade C: Single source
Egypt delivers Bayraktar TB2 drones to the SAF, according to the Wall Street Journal (not verified by Reuters).
- Grade C: Single source
Giad Elsewedy Cables imports 112 packages (about 84,574 kg) of 7.62mm brass cups from RMIL, after US sanctions on DIS and SMT.
- Grade B: Corroborated
First group of about 100 Ukrainian HUR special forces arrives in Sudan to support the SAF (per WSJ).
- Grade A: Official record
DIS exhibits at IDEF in Istanbul; its page says the stand showed 'smart bombs and guided missiles'.
- Grade A: Official record
OFAC designates the Defense Industries System and Sudan Master Technology (release jy1514).
- Grade A: Official record
OFAC designates Russia's 224th Flight Unit State Airlines as linked to the Wagner Group and lists its fleet, including An-124 RA-82040, as blocked property.
- Grade C: Single source
Egypt scraps all customs duties and taxes on gold imports, including unprocessed gold, one month after the war began (day of month not given).
- Grade B: Corroborated
RSF captures about 200 Egyptian military personnel at Merowe air base; Egypt says they were there for joint exercises; 177 flown home on 19-20 April (source URL from citation, not opened; corroborated by Al Jazeera headline).
- Grade A: Official record
OFAC designates Aviacon Zitotrans and identifies four Il-76s as its property, including RA-76502 and RA-78765.
10 more events below grade A (corroborated, single-source or unverified). Change “Evidence shown” to see them.
4 more events at grade C (single source) or D (unverified lead). Change “Evidence shown” to see them.
2022
1- Grade C: Single source
MASAD/DIS reportedly signs a memorandum of understanding with RMIL and other Indian defence-related entities (C4ADS).
1 more event below grade A (corroborated, single-source or unverified). Change “Evidence shown” to see it.
1 more event at grade C (single source) or D (unverified lead). Change “Evidence shown” to see it.
2021
2- Grade A: Official record
OFAC designates Belarus's state-controlled cargo carrier Transaviaexport (now TAE Avia), saying it 'has shipped thousands of tons of ammunition and weapons to foreign conflict zones, such as in Libya'.
- Grade B: Corroborated
Egypt's Ministry of Supply states the shareholding of the Egyptian-Sudanese Company: Holding Company for Food Industries 25%, National Service Projects Organization 25%, South Valley 10%, Sudan's Etegahat (DIS) 40%.
ESCNSPOEgyptHolding for Food IndustriesEtegahatalmalnews.com
1 more event below grade A (corroborated, single-source or unverified). Change “Evidence shown” to see it.
2020
1- Grade C: Single source
Global Witness reports that UAE refiner Kaloti bought gold from Sudan's central bank between 2012 and 2019; Kaloti denies sourcing conflict gold.
1 more event below grade A (corroborated, single-source or unverified). Change “Evidence shown” to see it.
1 more event at grade C (single source) or D (unverified lead). Change “Evidence shown” to see it.
2017
1- Grade B: Corroborated
Bashir, Qatar's Minister of State for Defence Affairs and Turkey's defence minister inaugurate a new phase of the Sur military and civilian clothing factory, 'jointly owned by Qatar, Sudan and Turkey'.
1 more event below grade A (corroborated, single-source or unverified). Change “Evidence shown” to see it.
2016
1- Grade B: Corroborated
Sur Textile Mills military textile complex opened at Hasahisa by Omar al-Bashir, with Turkish and Qatari defence delegations.
1 more event below grade A (corroborated, single-source or unverified). Change “Evidence shown” to see it.
2013
1- Grade C: Single source
Qatari armed forces join Sur International Investment as shareholder and funder.
Sur InternationalQatar AF Industry CtteeQatarfibre2fashion.com
1 more event below grade A (corroborated, single-source or unverified). Change “Evidence shown” to see it.
1 more event at grade C (single source) or D (unverified lead). Change “Evidence shown” to see it.
2003
1- Grade C: Single source
Sur International Investment founded by Sudan's Ministry of Defence and Turkish investors to make army uniforms.
1 more event below grade A (corroborated, single-source or unverified). Change “Evidence shown” to see it.
1 more event at grade C (single source) or D (unverified lead). Change “Evidence shown” to see it.